2017年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

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2017 年 11 月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points)

Translate the following two passages into Chinese.

Passage 1

You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps

to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it’s always in

your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a

moment’s notice. When new models come out, you feel bad about saying goodbye

to your electronic pal. And when your battery life runs down at the end of the

day, you feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that

there’s a psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to

the attachment theory perspective, for some of us, our phone serves the same

function as the teddy bear we clung to in childhood.

Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with the major

figures responsible for our well-being, namely parents or other caregivers, are

at the root of our connections to the adults with whom we form close

relationships. Importantly, attachment in early life can extend to inanimate

objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as what the attachment theorist D.W.

Winnicott calls “transitional objects.” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is

always there. When children can’t be with their parents, they can still be

with their teddy bear. These stuffed animals also serve as a transition between

dependence and independence when young children begin to develop a separate

sense of self. We extend our dependence on caregivers to these animals, and use

them to help us move to greater autonomy and an independent sense of self.

A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object.

Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists

cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, well-functioning adults

also report significant emotional attachment to special objects”.

Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of

cell phone subscriptions exceeds the total population of the planet. The

average amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day;

young adults (ages 18 to 24) report 5.2 hours on an average day. People also

like to be near their phones: A 2013 survey reports that 79 percent of users

keep their phones with them for all but two of their waking hours. Nearly as

many people report being distressed when they’re separated from their phone.

参考译文:

你有过这种经历吗？手机一时放错了地方，忘了在哪，急急忙忙返回寻找；手机从不离身

总是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，时刻准备回复消息，查找内容。一整天过去了，

一旦发现手机没电，简直觉得自己也要没电了。最新研究揭示了极端“手机依赖症”背后

的心理动因：根据依恋理论，手机简直成了我们大多数人小时候恋恋不舍的泰迪熊。

依恋理论认为，儿童自幼是否在父母的呵护下健康成长，这种相处体验构成了其日后与其

他成年人建立亲密关系的基础。更为重要的是，幼年的依恋心理，还可能转移到物体上去

泰迪熊就是一个典型例子。泰迪熊与父母的区别在于，它会一直在陪你身边。儿童把对父母

的依赖心理延伸到毛绒玩具身上，由此建立起自我独立意识。

手机也可能成为这种“依恋替代品”。尽管手机经常因为致人上瘾而备受诟病，科学家还

是援引了相关证据来支持这样一种观点：“身心健康的正常成年人也会对特殊物品产生强

烈的情感依恋”。

毫无疑问，手机在生活中无处不在：全球手机用户数量已超过全球总人口。美国人平均每

天使用移动电话或智能手机的时间为 3.3 小时。手机的优点显而易见：可以随身携带，还能

方便与自己关心的人保持联系。就算无法与朋友、恋人、家人直接通话，至少手机里的照片、

短信能让你觉得他们近在咫尺。你也可以关注他们的社交媒体账号，不仅能实时了解其状

态，还能回顾过去与之相处的难忘瞬间。所有这些，都足以让你“不那么孤单”。

Passage 2

Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development, it can

combat environment deterioration in air quality, water quality and production

in developing countries. Health education serves as a viable role for every

member in the world. But some argue that it’s a vague idea, some organizations

may use it in its own interests, whether environmental or economic is the

nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development in developing

countries overlook the local customs, habitude and people.

Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates

competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a

country’s economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its

enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable

during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can

be fatal.

For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism.

It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition,

domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate.

Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced

workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the economy.

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