2017年11月翻译资格考试英语二级笔译实务真题

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2017 年 11 月翻译资格考试英语二级笔译实务真题

英译汉第一篇

You’ve temporarily misplaced your cell phone and anxiously retrace your steps

to try to find it. Or perhaps you never let go of your phone—it's always in

your hand, your pocket, or your bag, ready to be answered or consulted at a

moment’s notice. When your battery life runs down at the end of the day, you

feel that yours is running low as well. New research shows that there’s a

psychological reason for such extreme phone dependence: According to the

attachment theory, for some of us, our phone serves the same function as the

teddy bear we clung to in childhood.

Attachment theory proposes that our early life experiences with parents

responsible for our well-being, are at the root of our connections to the

adults with whom we form close relationships. Importantly, attachment in early

life can extend to inanimate objects. Teddy bears, for example, serve as

“transitional objects.” The teddy bear, unlike the parent, is always there.

We extend our dependence onparents to these animals, and use them to help us

move to an independent sense of self.

A cell phone has the potential to be a “compensatory attachment” object.

Although phones are often castigated for their addictive potential, scientists

cite evidence that supports the idea that “healthy, normal adults also report

significant emotional attachment to special objects”

Indeed, cell phones have become a pervasive feature of our lives: The number of

cell phone users exceeds the total population of the planet. The average

amount of mobile or smartphone use in the U.S. is 3.3 hours per day. People

also like to be near their phones: A 2013 survey cited by the Hungarian team.

Nearly as many people report being distressed when they’re separated from

their phone.Phones have distinct advantages. They can be kept by your side and

they provide a social connection to the people you care about. Even if you’re

not talking to your friends, lover, or family, you can keep their photos close

by, read their messages, and follow them on social media. You can track them

in real time but also look back on memorable moments together. These channels

help you “feel less alone”.

英译汉第二篇

Many countries have adopted the principle of sustainable development it can

combat gaginst environment deterioration in air quality, water quality

and ...viable role for every member in the world.. production .health

education in developing countries. But some argue that it's a vague idea, some

organizations may use it in it's own interests, whether environmental or

economic is the nature of interests. Others argue that sustainable development

in developing countries overlook the local customs,habitude and people.

Whereas interdependence is desirable during times of peace, war necessitates

competition and independence. Tariffs and importation limits strengthen a

country's economic vitality while potentially weakening the economies of its

enemies. Moreover, protectionism in the weapons industry is highly desirable

during such circumstances because reliance on another state for armaments can

be fatal.

For the most part, economists emphasize the negative effects of protectionism.

It reduces international trade and raises prices for consumers. In addition,

domestic firms that receive protection have less incentive to innovate.

Although free trade puts uncompetitive firms out of business, the displaced

workers and resources are ultimately allocated to other areas of the

economy.

Imposing quotas is a method used to protect trade, since foreign companies

cannot ship more products regardless of how low they set their prices.

Countries that hope to help a new industry thrive locally often impose quotas

on imported goods. They believe that such restrictions allow entities in the

new industry to develop their own competitive advantages and produce the

products efficiently. Developing countries often use this argument to justify

their restrictions on foreign goods.

Protectionism’s purpose is usually to create jobs for domestic workers.

Companies that operate in industries protected by quotas hire workers locally.

Another disadvantage of quotas is the reduction in the quality of products in

the absence of competition from foreign companies. Without competition, local

firms are less likely to invest in innovation and improve their products and

services. Domestic sellers don’t have an incentive to enhance efficiency and

lower their prices, and under such conditions, consumers eventually pay more

for products and services they could receive from foreign competitors. As

local companies lose competitiveness, they become pressured to outsource jobs.

In the long-run, increasing protectionism commonly leads to layoffs and

economic slowdown.

汉译英第一篇

（中国的中医药》白皮书）

人类在漫长发展进程中创造了丰富多彩的世界文明，中华文明是世界文明多样性、多元化

的重要组成部分。中医药作为中华文明的杰出代表，是中国各族人民在几千年生产生活实

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