2018年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译实务真题

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2018 年 5 月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译实务真题

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Improved human well-being is one of the greatest triumphs of the modern

era. The age of plenty has also led to an unexpected global health crisis:two

billion people are either overweight or obese. Developed countries have been

especially susceptible to unhealthy weight gain.However, developing countries

are now facing a similar crisis. Obesity rates have peaked in high income

countries but are accelerating elsewhere. The combined findings of the World

Health Organisation and the World Bank showed that in 2016 Asia was home to

half the world’s overweight children. One quarter were in Africa. Residents of

developing nation cities are increasingly susceptible to obesity. According to

India’s National Institute of Nutrition, over a quarter of urban-dwelling men

and nearly half of women are overweight.

The majority of the world’s future urbanisation is projected to occur in

developing countries, particularly in Asia and Africa. This crisis will test

the political resolve of governments that have historically focused on ending

hunger. These governments must understand that the factors making cities

convenient and productive also make their residents prone to obesity. Urbanites

enjoy a variety of food. Additionally, international fast food chains are

flourishing in developing countries. The health risks of such diets are

compounded by the sedentary lifestyles of urban dwellers. People’s leisure

time is also beingoccupied by television, movies, and video games in the

growing number of households.The alarming implication of these trends is that

developing countries may become sick before they get rich. That sickness may,

in turn, cripple health systems.The yearly health care costs in Southeast Asia

of obesity-related complications like diabetes and cardiovascular disease are

already as high as US $10 billion. Such diseases are an added burden on

countries already struggling to manage primary health care needs.Policies

related to taxation, urban design, education and awareness and the promotion of

localised food systems may help control obesity at a lower cost than eventual

medical treatment for an ageing and increasingly overweight population.Some

governments have already experimented with direct interventions to control

obesity, such as taxation on unhealthy foods and drinks. The US pioneered the

soda tax movement. Thailand, Brunei, and Singapore have adopted similar

measures. South Africa is likely to introduce a sugar tax beginning in April

2018.The city of Berkeley in California recognizes that taxes alone are not

enough to address obesity. Proceeds from the city’s sugar tax are used to

support child nutrition and community health programmes. This underscores the

importance of education and awareness.

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2018年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译实务真题

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