2012年6月英语四级真题及答案

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2012 年 6 月英语四级真题及答案

Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short

essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You

should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

　　2.出现这一现象的原因

　　3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

On Excessive Packaging

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)

　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage

quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose

the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C）and D). For questions

8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

　　Small Schools Rising

　　This year's list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with

fewer students are flourishing.

　　Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big,

modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby

boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised

economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better

football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this

involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of

forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began

dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school

in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While

the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child

Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some

middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made

little progress.

　　Size isn't everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a

noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to

the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in

American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them

with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade,

About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are

taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San

Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1

BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It

embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted

School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which

share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y.,

which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes

alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签)，such as H-B

Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon

of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units

of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted

thousands of students all marching to the same band.

　　Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423-

among the top 2% in the country-on Newsweek's annual ranking of America's top

high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten

years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test

participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating

Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools

on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than

200 graduates in 2007.

　　Although many of Hillsdale's students came from wealthy households, by the

late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate

nickname (绰号) "Hillsjail. " Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became

principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students

file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, "How

did that student graduate?"

　　So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three "houses," romantically named

Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are

randomly(随机地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same

four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th

and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the

institution of "advisory" classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25,

five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework

problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students

privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the

students' success."We're constantly talking about one another's advisers," says

English teacher Chris Crockett. "If you hear that yours isn't doing well in

math, or see them sitting outside the dean's office, it's like a personal

failure." Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program,

the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95."It was rough

for some. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics," says

Gilbert "Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are

adults here who know them and care for them."But not all schools show advances

after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a

cure-all solution.

　　The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years

past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-

level exams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism

for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it's easy for readers to

understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they'd like.

　　Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38

superintendents(地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools

be excluded from the calculation."It is impossible to know which high schools

are 'the best' in the nation, "their letter read. in part. "Determining whether

different schools do or don't offer a high quality of education requires a look

at man different measures, including students' overall academic accomplishments

and their subsequent performance in college. And taking into consideration the

unique needs of their communities."

　　In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which

is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here,

we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our

children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under

the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal,

someday, perhaps a list won't be necessary.

注意：此部分试题请在答卡 1 上作答.

　　1． Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in

the hope of __________.

　　A) ensuring no child is left behind

　　B) increasing economic efficiency

　　C) improving students' performance on SAT

　　D)providing good education for baby boomers

　　2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools?

　　A)Teachers' workload increased.

　　B)Students' performance declined.

　　C)Administration became centralized.

　　D)Students focused more on test scores.

　　 3.What is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates

foundation?

　　A)They are usually magnet schools.

　　B)They are often located in poor neighborhoods.

　　C)They are popular with high-achieving students.

　　D)They are mostly small in size.

　　4.What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education?

　　A)Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.

　　B)A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.

　　C)Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.

　　D)Students have to meet higher academic standards.

　　5.Newsweek ranked high schools according to .

　　A)their students' academic achievement

　　B)the number of their students admitted to college

　　C)the size and number of their graduating classes

　　D)their college-level test participation

　　6.What can we learn about Hillsdale's students in the late 1990s?

　　A)They were made to study hard like prisoners.

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