2022年考研英语二试题真题及答案

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2022 年考研英语二试题真题及答案

Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,

C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Harlan Coben believes that if you’re a writer, you’ll find the time; and that if you

can’t find the time, then writing isn’t a priority and you’re not a writer. For him,

writing is a 1 job–a job like any other. He has 2 it with plumbing, pointing at that a

plumber doesn’t wake up and say that he can’t work with pipes today.

　　3 , like most writers these days, you’re holiday down a job to pay the bills, it’s not

4 to find the time to write. But it’s not impossible. It requires determination and single-

mindedness. 5 that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things

to earn a living. And today, even writers who are fairly 6 often have to do other work to 7

their writing income.

　　 As Harlan Coben has suggested, it’s a 8 of priorities. To make writing a priority,

you’ll have to 9 some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy.

Depending on your 10 and your lifestyle, that might mean spending less time watching

television or listening to music, though some people can write 11 they listen to music. You

might have to 12 the amount of exercise or sport you do. You’ll have to make social media

an 13 activity rather than a daily, time-consuming 14 . There’ll probably have to be less

socializing with your friends and less time with your family. It’s a 15 learning curve, and

it won’t always make you popular.

　　There’s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for, 16 your writing–

and that’s reading. Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can; it’s the

one 17 supporter–something you can’t do without.

　　Time is finite. The older you get, the 18 it seems to go. We need to use it as carefully

and as 19 as we can. That means prioritising our activities so that we spend most time on

the things we really want to do. If you’re a writer, that means 20 writing.

　　1. [A] difficult [B] normal [C] steady [D] pleasant

　　2. [A] combined [B] compared [C] confused [D] confronted

　　3. [A] If [B] Though [C] Once [D] Unless

　　4. [A] enough [B] strange [C] wrong [D] easy

　　5. [A] Accept [B] Explain [C] Remember [D] Suppose

　　6. [A] well-known [B] well-advised [C] well-informed [D] well-chosen

　　7. [A] donate [B] generate [C] supplement [D] calculate

　　8. [A] cause [B] purpose [C] question [D] condition

　　9. [A] highlight [B] sacrifice [C] continue [D] explore

　　10. [A] relations [B] interests [C] memories [D] skills

　　11. [A] until [B] because [C] while [D] before

　　12. [A] put up with [B] make up for [C] hang on to [D] cut down on

　　13. [A] intelligent [B] occasional [C] intensive [D] emotional

　　14. [A] habit [B] test [C] decision [D] plan

　　15. [A] tough [B] gentle [C] rapid [D] funny

　　16. [A] in place of [B] in charge of [C] in response to [D] in addition to

　　17. [A] indispensable [B] innovative [C] invisible [D] instant

　　18. [A] duller [B] harder [C] quieter [D] quicker

　　19. [A] peacefully [B] generously [C] productively [D] gratefully

　　20 [A] at most [B] in turn [C] on average [D] above all

Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C

or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)

　　Text 3

　　We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about

the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless

sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel. Something that should be simple and

transparent can be complicated, intentionally or unintentionally, in ways that impair

consumer choice. These are examples of dark patterns.

　　 First coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, “dark patterns" is a

catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-

making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from

misdirection and hidden costs to “roach motel”, where a user experience seems easy and

intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.

　　 In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11,000 websites, researchers found that

about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark

patterns is still not well understood. Business and nonproft leaders should be aware of dark

patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender.

　　 Where is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns? Businesses

should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their

coders responsible for the company's user interface, as well as the marketers and

advertisers responsible for sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all

these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding “digital deception.”

　　 Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark

patterns, most recently at the state level. In March, the California Attorney General

announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act

(CCPA) that “ensure that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise

their data privacy rights.” The regulations aim to ban dark patterns- this means

prohibiting companies from using "confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing

them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn’t opt out.”

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