2003年12月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

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2003 年 12 月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案

Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英译汉)

This section consists of two parts, Part A — “Compulsory Translation” and

Part B — “Choice of Two Translations” consisting of two sections “Topic I”

and “Topic 2”. For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part

B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Above

your translation of Part A, write “Compulsory Translation” and above your

translation from Part B, write “Topic I” or “Topic 2” (60 points, 100

minutes)

Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题) （30 points）

Nowhere to Go

For the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you

have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj” (who didn’t want to reveal

his real name). He’s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian

engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled

workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning

last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were

called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm

and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in

Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.

This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation,

Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India,

or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and

Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new

company. And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the

paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to

survive without any job and without any income?” Nagaraj wonders.

Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the

solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued

by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of

whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent

green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas —

but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That’s causing

mass consternation in U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker

“out of status” when he loses a job, which technically means that he must

pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs, the U.S.

government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements

that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions

and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes

remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career

prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They

are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the

Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.

The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by

Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a

big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of

H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is

slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all

announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The

INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United

States in February — down from 32,000 in February of last year.

Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders

“not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers

before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt

promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We are aware of

the cutbacks,” she says. “We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within

the confines of the existing law.”

Part B Choice of Two Translations (二选一题) （30 points）

Topic 1 (选题一)

What Is the Force of Gravity?

If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The

ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth

exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the

Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further

away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The

gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the

weight of the object.

All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also

exert an attractive force on objects. The bigger and heavier a body is, the

greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than

Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that

exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface. In fact, the

moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth. This means

that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on

the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times

heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.

The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth

from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or

other planets we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull.

Entry into Space

How can we overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull? Scientists have been

working on this for a long time. It is only recently that they have been able

to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth’s gravitational

pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help

them to escape from the Earth’s gravitational pull and go into space.

Rockets

The powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework

rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body

is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that

will burn rapidly to form hot gases.

At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs

out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to

direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.

When the gunpowder burns, hot gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases

continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns. When these gases shoot

downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet

propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to

understand jet propulsion.

Topic 2 （选题二）

Basketball Diplomacy

CHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream. But

Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the People’s Liberation Army, is

making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks

in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check,

preside over “Wang Zhizhi Day” in San Francisco and become immortalized on

his very own trading cards. He’s even played in five games with his new team,

the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable

Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs —

and he is intent on enjoying every minute. One recent evening Wang slipped into

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